CORONA Main Coronavirus thread

Who knows if this is true or not.

Profit of Doom said:

4 buck is about 1/4 inch and usually 27 pellets in a normal shell. 4 bird is just slightly larger than normal bird shot. Use it for varmints.

Click to expand...

FWIW, #1 Buck penetrates almost as deep as 00 does. ;-)

marsh said:

Tobacco-use disparity in gene expression of ACE2, the receptor of 2019-nCov

In current severe global emergency situation of 2019-nCov outbreak, it is imperative to identify vulnerable and susceptible groups for effective protection and care. Recently, studies found that 2019-nCov and SARS-nCov share the same receptor, ACE2. In this study, we analyzed four large-scale...

www.medrxiv.org

Tobacco-use disparity in gene expression of ACE2, the receptor of 2019-nCov
Guoshuai Cai
doi: Tobacco-use disparity in gene expression of ACE2, the receptor of 2019-nCov
This article is a preprint and has not been peer-reviewed [what does this mean?]. It reports new medical research that has yet to be evaluated and so should not be used to guide clinical practice.

Click to expand...

48% of Chinese men smoke. That alone may account for some of the horrible age-related numbers. Then you factor in the mind-boggling air pollution, and "poof", widespread carnage.

I have seen private pics that are worse:

China is diagnosing coronavirus patients by looking for 'ground glass' in their lungs. Take a look at the CT scans.
Aria Bendix

Feb 13, 2020, 4:32 PM

A medical staffer works with test systems for the diagnosis of coronavirus, at the Krasnodar Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology microbiology lab in Krasnodar, Russia, February 4, 2020. Russia has closed its land border with China and suspended most train traffic between the countries. Associated Press

• Chinese authorities have started diagnosing coronavirus cases in the Hubei province via CT scans.
• The scans aren't as thorough as a blood tests, but doctors in Wuhan, where the virus originated, are reportedly running short on test kits.
• To diagnose the virus, physicians look for white patches called "ground glass," which signal fluid in the lungs.
• Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories.

Authorities in China's Hubei province reported a dramatic spike in coronavirus cases on Thursday: 14,840 new cases.

It was the most cases reported in a single day since the outbreak began in December. The Hubei Health Commission also reported that an additional 242 people had died.
But the virus didn't suddenly become more aggressive — instead, Hubei officials said they changed the way they count cases. Rather than relying only on blood tests, which are in limited supply and can take take days to yield results, officials have started including diagnoses made via CT scans in their daily case totals.

The scans are considered less thorough than a blood test, but the New York Times reported last week that doctors in Wuhan, where the virus originated, are running short on test kits.
Patients diagnosed via CT scan — what Chinese officials call "clinically diagnosed cases" — present symptoms of the virus in their lungs, but either haven't been lab-tested or died before the test could be administered.

The latest figures suggest the virus has killed at least 1,370 people and infected more than 60,000 in total. That number is expected to rise significantly as CT scans capture more cases in the coming days.

Here's what physicians look for in the scans.

Normal lungs should appear black on a CT scan.

Karan Bunjean/Shutterstock
It's common to have small masses of tissue, or lung nodules, that show up as tiny white dots.

But coronavirus scans tend to have white patches that radiologists refer to as "ground glass opacity."

Weifang Kong and Prachi P. Agarwal
"It kind of looks like faint glass that has been ground up," Paras Lakhani, a radiologist at Thomas Jefferson University, told Business Insider. "What it represents is fluid in the lung spaces."

On its own, Lakhani said, ground glass isn't particularly helpful for identifying a coronavirus.
"You can see it with all types of infections — bacterial, viral, or sometimes even non-infectious causes," Lakhani said. "Even vaping could sometimes appear this way."

But the patches are significant, he added, when they extend to the edges of the patient's lungs.

"That's something we don't often see," Lakhani said. "We saw that with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and we saw that with Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)."
Both SARS and MERS are also coronaviruses. An outbreak of the former in China resulted in 8,000 cases and 774 deaths from November 2002 to July 2003.

An analysis of nearly 140 coronavirus scans said patches of ground glass on both lungs were a hallmark of the virus.

Dawei Wang, Bo Hu, Chang Hu, et al.
Researchers analyzed scans from patients at the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, the majority of whom were older men with preexisting health problems. The images above are scans from a 52-year-old patient.

The first group of scans (group A) were taken on January 7, five days after the patient started displaying symptoms. They show patches of ground glass at the bottom of both lungs.
The man was put on life support from January 7 to 12. After that, his condition seemed to improve. The second set of scans (group B), taken January 21, show that many of the white patches either shrunk or disappeared.

Many patients tended to worsen quickly. Their ground-glass patches became more pronounced after a few days.

Junqiang Lei, Junfeng Li, Xun Li, and Xiaolong Qi
A 33-year-old woman arrived at a hospital in Lanzhou, China with a fever and five-day-old cough. Her temperature was 102 degrees Fahrenheit, her breathing was "coarse," and she had a low white blood cell count — a sign of infection.

In an initial CT scan, researchers at the First Hospital of Lanzhou University found the recognizable white ground-glass patches in the lower corner of her lungs.

They gave her a protein used to treat viral infections, called interferon. But three days later — and further into her treatment — the patches were more pronounced. Lakhani said the same thing occurred in SARS patients.

"If you didn't know about this outbreak, you'd read the scan and you would just say, 'Okay, this patient has pneumonia,' because that's the most common thing we see," he said.
But Lakhani added that "pneumonia usually doesn't rapidly progress," so it could be ruled out in this case.

Scans from a 27-year-old woman who worked in Wuhan showed a "ground-glass halo" — white patches that surround a small nodule.

Xiaohu Li, Xiaosong Zeng, Bin Liu, and Yongqiang Yu
Researchers at Anhui Medical University in Hefei, China examined the woman after she was admitted for a fever and cough. Her breathing was also coarse. The "ground-glass halo" they found can be a distinguishing feature of viral infections and pneumonia, the researchers said.
After four days in the hospital, the nodule on the patient's right lung had grown.

Some patients also exhibited a "crazy-paving pattern," which refers to little lines inside the ground-glass patches.

Feng Pan et al.
A study of 21 patients across three Chinese provinces found four patients with a "crazy-paving pattern" in their scans.

"It almost looks like a cobblestone road," Lakhani said. "Sometimes when we see it, it's everywhere — the whole lung has it. But to see it in a few small areas is a little less common, a little more unusual."

The pattern has also appeared in some SARS and MERS scans, he said.
Another study of patients who recovered from the coronavirus suggested that crazy-paving could be common among patients with milder cases.

A Shanghai study also identified a mesh-like pattern called "reticulation," which is visible in this scan of a 75-year-old man.

AT THIS POINT, THE WEBSITE CUT OFF MY ACCESS DUE TO MY AD BLOCKER< EVEN THOUGH IT WAS NOT ON. I was unable to download the remainder of the photos.

Researchers at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center analyzed this patient's scan three days after the man was admitted to the hospital. In addition to ground glass, it shows a web-like "reticulation" pattern — a sign of lung damage commonly associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

A recent study in The Lancet found that the coronavirus can lead to ARDS, which is often fatal.

According to the Shanghai researchers, 22% of the 50 patients they looked at displayed reticulation on their scans. Around 77% had ground-glass patches, while nearly 60% had consolidation — lung tissue that filled with liquid instead of air.

The Shanghai researchers ultimately determined that three components are needed to diagnose a coronavirus patient: fever and/or cough, ground-glass patches in both lungs, and a history of exposure to individuals from Wuhan.

But the coronavirus doesn't always show up in scans right away.

"We can't rely on CT alone to fully exclude presence of the virus," Michael Chung, the lead author of the Lanzhou study, said on February 3.

Lakhani said CT scans are "one of four or five things" needed to make a diagnosis, along with symptoms, clinical history, the progression of the disease, and the laboratory test.

As coronavirus cases get priority in Wuhan hospitals, other patients are losing hope

• Thousands of people are not getting the treatment they need because medical resources have been diverted to fight outbreak
• One hospital says it can no longer offer transplant surgery as it doesn’t have enough doctors and blood products

Kristin Huang
Published: 7:00am, 12 Feb, 2020

University student Wan Ruyi, 21, has acute leukaemia and urgently needs a bone-marrow transplant. Photo: Weibo

In the packed hospitals of Wuhan, coronavirus patients are
struggling to get treatment

. But for those in the outbreak epicentre who do not have the potentially deadly new illness, the situation could be even worse.

University student Wan Ruyi was diagnosed with acute leukaemia in May. The 21-year-old has been in the Wuhan Union Hospital for the past 10 months, and now, severely ill, she is in dire need of a bone-marrow transplant.

“Wan has had three rounds of chemotherapy, but the last one in October wasn’t very successful, and the bone marrow aspiration she had on Sunday showed the treatment didn’t have the expected outcome,” said her mother, Wu Qiong.

Wuhan Union Hospital was one of the first designated to treat coronavirus patients, on January 21. It told the family it had stopped doing transplant surgery because there were not enough doctors and blood products. The family tried a hospital in Hebei province, but they were told to stay in Wuhan.

On Sunday, Wan was in so much pain and discomfort she said she wanted to die.

“Every single day in Hubei [province] makes me more helpless and desperate as my daughter continues to suffer in agony,” Wu said. “Her condition is getting more unstable.”

Life inside China’s rapidly built hospitals in Wuhan, the epicentre of the coronavirus outbreak
Wan is among thousands of patients in urgent need of treatment in Wuhan who are not getting it because medical resources have been diverted to fight the coronavirus outbreak.

They include people with cancer and conditions like bronchial asthma and epilepsy. Some of these desperate patients have been posting messages on Weibo, China’s Twitter, seeking help from elsewhere in the country.

Chinese authorities have taken unprecedented measures to contain the outbreak that began in December, including locking down Wuhan and at least 15 other cities in Hubei provincefor weeks, affecting more than 50 million people.

In Wuhan, two temporary hospitals have been built from scratch in less than two weeks to cope with the crisis, and other makeshift medical facilities are also treating patients. But the number infected with the pneumonia-like illness continues to climb, and it has
killed more than 1,000 people. By Monday there were nearly 32,000 coronavirus patients in Hubei province alone, and more than 18,000 of them were in Wuhan.

For 81-year-old Fu Daoshun, the outbreak means he can no longer receive the daily injection he needs to treat deep-vein thrombosis in his legs. He used to have this done at the Puai Hospital, but it too was designated as a centre for treating coronavirus cases, from January 23, and no longer has the resources to treat patients like Fu.

His granddaughter, Fu Yufen, said all he can do now is stay in bed.

“It’s too painful for him to walk after going days without the injections to ease the pain, and now it’s too dangerous for him to go to the hospital anyway because he could easily get the virus,” she said.

“And because the city’s in lockdown, we can’t visit. So my grandma, who’s also very old, has to look after him on her own. I’m really worried that they will fall ill.”

Fu Yufen said her grandparents were receiving grocery deliveries from community officers, but she was worried about how long they would be able to manage, adding that her grandfather had written a will last week.

Medical workers in protective suits attend to a coronavirus patient at a designated hospital in Wuhan. Photo: Reuters

Health experts said although coronavirus patients had been given priority, people with other chronic and acute diseases also needed support.

Tang Shenlan, a professor with the Department of Population Health Science at the Duke University School of Medicine and deputy director of the Duke Global Health Institute in the US, said it was wrong to put all the focus on coronavirus cases, and not helpful for people with other serious illnesses.

“Hospitals in Wuhan should find an innovative way to provide essential services to these patients – for example using telemedicine [to treat and diagnose remotely] including prescriptions,” he said.

Tang said while there had been progress since the health care system reform began in 2009, with more people now covered by health insurance, “reforming public hospitals in China has failed”.

“China needs a revolution, not a reform, of its health care system – including clinical and public health service financing and provision,” said Tang, who drafted the World Health Organisation proposal for reform of China’s health care system as a senior adviser to the WHO more than a decade ago.

Wuhan: the city under coronavirus lockdown

Yao Zelin, a sociology professor focusing on health care at East China Normal University in Shanghai, said the medical system needed to be improved at the grass-roots level.
“China has emphasised the build-up of big hospitals but not the network of clinics, which means that during an emergency like the coronavirus outbreak, only the big hospitals can be used to tackle the epidemic, and the surge of patients quickly takes up all the resources,” Yao said.
https://www.scmp.com/news/china/pol...-hubei-province-health-officials-removed-over
Gregory Gray, a professor specialising in infectious diseases at Duke University’s Global Health Institute, said China also needed to better anticipate emerging virus threats so it could respond to them earlier.

“One way to do so is to encourage ‘one health’ oriented studies at the places where humans and animals mix like live animal markets and domestic animal farms,” Gray said. “We need to find ways to work more closely together – human health, animal health, environmental health and agriculture industries.”

Ragnarok, are you trying to give Doomer Doug a heart attack here. Oh yeah I bet the recovery rate would skyrocket if that model of nurse was used to monitor the patients. Try for a smiley again.

marsh said:

Many coronavirus patients have 'ground glass' in their lung scans. Here's what that looks like.

Coronavirus patients with severe cases often have difficulty breathing. That's because their lungs fill with fluid, which shows up on a CT scan.

www.businessinsider.com

China is diagnosing coronavirus patients by looking for 'ground glass' in their lungs. Take a look at the CT scans.
Aria Bendix

Feb 13, 2020, 4:32 PM

A medical staffer works with test systems for the diagnosis of coronavirus, at the Krasnodar Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology microbiology lab in Krasnodar, Russia, February 4, 2020. Russia has closed its land border with China and suspended most train traffic between the countries. Associated Press

• Chinese authorities have started diagnosing coronavirus cases in the Hubei province via CT scans.
• The scans aren't as thorough as a blood tests, but doctors in Wuhan, where the virus originated, are reportedly running short on test kits.
• To diagnose the virus, physicians look for white patches called "ground glass," which signal fluid in the lungs.
• Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories.

Authorities in China's Hubei province reported a dramatic spike in coronavirus cases on Thursday: 14,840 new cases.

It was the most cases reported in a single day since the outbreak began in December. The Hubei Health Commission also reported that an additional 242 people had died.
But the virus didn't suddenly become more aggressive — instead, Hubei officials said they changed the way they count cases. Rather than relying only on blood tests, which are in limited supply and can take take days to yield results, officials have started including diagnoses made via CT scans in their daily case totals.

The scans are considered less thorough than a blood test, but the New York Times reported last week that doctors in Wuhan, where the virus originated, are running short on test kits.
Patients diagnosed via CT scan — what Chinese officials call "clinically diagnosed cases" — present symptoms of the virus in their lungs, but either haven't been lab-tested or died before the test could be administered.

The latest figures suggest the virus has killed at least 1,370 people and infected more than 60,000 in total. That number is expected to rise significantly as CT scans capture more cases in the coming days.

Here's what physicians look for in the scans.

Normal lungs should appear black on a CT scan.

Karan Bunjean/Shutterstock
It's common to have small masses of tissue, or lung nodules, that show up as tiny white dots.

But coronavirus scans tend to have white patches that radiologists refer to as "ground glass opacity."

Weifang Kong and Prachi P. Agarwal
"It kind of looks like faint glass that has been ground up," Paras Lakhani, a radiologist at Thomas Jefferson University, told Business Insider. "What it represents is fluid in the lung spaces."

On its own, Lakhani said, ground glass isn't particularly helpful for identifying a coronavirus.
"You can see it with all types of infections — bacterial, viral, or sometimes even non-infectious causes," Lakhani said. "Even vaping could sometimes appear this way."

But the patches are significant, he added, when they extend to the edges of the patient's lungs.

"That's something we don't often see," Lakhani said. "We saw that with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and we saw that with Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)."
Both SARS and MERS are also coronaviruses. An outbreak of the former in China resulted in 8,000 cases and 774 deaths from November 2002 to July 2003.

An analysis of nearly 140 coronavirus scans said patches of ground glass on both lungs were a hallmark of the virus.

Dawei Wang, Bo Hu, Chang Hu, et al.
Researchers analyzed scans from patients at the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, the majority of whom were older men with preexisting health problems. The images above are scans from a 52-year-old patient.

The first group of scans (group A) were taken on January 7, five days after the patient started displaying symptoms. They show patches of ground glass at the bottom of both lungs.
The man was put on life support from January 7 to 12. After that, his condition seemed to improve. The second set of scans (group B), taken January 21, show that many of the white patches either shrunk or disappeared.

Many patients tended to worsen quickly. Their ground-glass patches became more pronounced after a few days.

Junqiang Lei, Junfeng Li, Xun Li, and Xiaolong Qi
A 33-year-old woman arrived at a hospital in Lanzhou, China with a fever and five-day-old cough. Her temperature was 102 degrees Fahrenheit, her breathing was "coarse," and she had a low white blood cell count — a sign of infection.

In an initial CT scan, researchers at the First Hospital of Lanzhou University found the recognizable white ground-glass patches in the lower corner of her lungs.

They gave her a protein used to treat viral infections, called interferon. But three days later — and further into her treatment — the patches were more pronounced. Lakhani said the same thing occurred in SARS patients.

"If you didn't know about this outbreak, you'd read the scan and you would just say, 'Okay, this patient has pneumonia,' because that's the most common thing we see," he said.
But Lakhani added that "pneumonia usually doesn't rapidly progress," so it could be ruled out in this case.

Scans from a 27-year-old woman who worked in Wuhan showed a "ground-glass halo" — white patches that surround a small nodule.

Xiaohu Li, Xiaosong Zeng, Bin Liu, and Yongqiang Yu
Researchers at Anhui Medical University in Hefei, China examined the woman after she was admitted for a fever and cough. Her breathing was also coarse. The "ground-glass halo" they found can be a distinguishing feature of viral infections and pneumonia, the researchers said.
After four days in the hospital, the nodule on the patient's right lung had grown.

Some patients also exhibited a "crazy-paving pattern," which refers to little lines inside the ground-glass patches.

Feng Pan et al.
A study of 21 patients across three Chinese provinces found four patients with a "crazy-paving pattern" in their scans.

"It almost looks like a cobblestone road," Lakhani said. "Sometimes when we see it, it's everywhere — the whole lung has it. But to see it in a few small areas is a little less common, a little more unusual."

The pattern has also appeared in some SARS and MERS scans, he said.
Another study of patients who recovered from the coronavirus suggested that crazy-paving could be common among patients with milder cases.

A Shanghai study also identified a mesh-like pattern called "reticulation," which is visible in this scan of a 75-year-old man.

AT THIS POINT, THE WEBSITE CUT OFF MY ACCESS DUE TO MY AD BLOCKER< EVEN THOUGH IT WAS NOT ON. I was unable to download the remainder of the photos.

Researchers at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center analyzed this patient's scan three days after the man was admitted to the hospital. In addition to ground glass, it shows a web-like "reticulation" pattern — a sign of lung damage commonly associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

A recent study in The Lancet found that the coronavirus can lead to ARDS, which is often fatal.

According to the Shanghai researchers, 22% of the 50 patients they looked at displayed reticulation on their scans. Around 77% had ground-glass patches, while nearly 60% had consolidation — lung tissue that filled with liquid instead of air.

The Shanghai researchers ultimately determined that three components are needed to diagnose a coronavirus patient: fever and/or cough, ground-glass patches in both lungs, and a history of exposure to individuals from Wuhan.

But the coronavirus doesn't always show up in scans right away.

"We can't rely on CT alone to fully exclude presence of the virus," Michael Chung, the lead author of the Lanzhou study, said on February 3.

Lakhani said CT scans are "one of four or five things" needed to make a diagnosis, along with symptoms, clinical history, the progression of the disease, and the laboratory test.

Click to expand...

This article makes my nuts ache.

I have had probably 20 CT scans in the past year.

How do you insert a smiley?

Doomer Doug said:

How do you insert a smiley?

Click to expand...

Press and hold on the like button at the bottom of the post. Several emojis come up and you can select.
Just figured it out the other night myself.

littlechasingbear said:

I’ve done much reading into Lomatium root. I’ve been drinking a tea form three to four times a day (be careful not get dehydrated, drink lots of water to alkaline the body as the Lomatium root gets rid of toxins and the acidics that cause so many problems). When I drink hot tea, I use Lomatium tea instead of regular water.
There are major health benefits besides not just for not flu, too many to put in one post.
From everything I’ve read, if you get the detox rash then you NEED the detox! The larger the rash, the more important it is. The rash is a reaction to the Lomatium root dispelling anything bad in your system. Bigger the rash, that means you had a lot of bad that’s it getting rid of.
It even gets rid of viruses that have been imbedded into the tissue that could come out at any moment.
I, personally, didn’t get the rash, even though I took enough the first time to become nauseas from it.
But Lomatium root doesn’t have any toxins, and taking too much will only cause nausea, but no damage, so you can increase the dosage as much as needed.
All good, no bad.

(My opinion. I am not a doctor)

Click to expand...

I have a question about the rash. I found pictures of what it looks like, which resembles measles....does it itch or is there discomfort with it or does it just look ugly?

Doomer Doug said:

How do you insert a smiley?

Click to expand...

Click on the smile in the top row that has B (bold) I (italic), U (underline) etc. Look for the smiley. Here - I screengrabbed it for you:

Doomer Doug said:

How do you insert a smiley?

Click to expand...

Dude! This is a family website.

Oh, you mean an emoji... WHEW!

marsh said:

US will test people with flu symptoms for coronavirus

Testing will initially be carried out by labs in Los Angeles, San Francisco, Seattle, Chicago and New York, but more sites are planned, CDC says.

www.scmp.com

Coronavirus: US will test people with flu symptoms, in expansion of government response

• Testing will initially be carried out by labs in Los Angeles, San Francisco, Seattle, Chicago and New York, but more sites are planned, CDC says

Bhavan Jaipragas
Published: 2:31am, 15 Feb, 2020

US health authorities on Friday said they are ready to institute “mitigation” measures to minimise the harm caused by transmission of the novel coronavirus even as they significantly expanded efforts to contain the outbreak from becoming widespread in the country.

In a telephone briefing with reporters, Nancy Messonnier of the Centres for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) said that the US would begin to test individuals for the coronavirus if they have been identified by local health authorities as having flu-like symptoms.

The heightened measures – a major expansion of Washington’s effort to contain the outbreak – will see the CDC work with public health labs in Los Angeles and San Francisco in California; Seattle, Washington; Chicago, Illinois; and New York City. More sites are planned, she said. Messonnier, the director of the CDC’s Centre for Immunisation and Respiratory Diseases, also addressed a rising debate among health officials and epidemiologists on whether to pivot from “containment” of the outbreak – through measures such as contact tracing and isolating those who come into contact with infected people – to mitigation strategies.

Those advocating for mitigation say that the latest data prove the virus has a high transmissibility that almost certainly dooms containment efforts. In a scenario where the virus reaches pandemic levels, a policy of mitigation would mean those with mild symptoms would be asked to seek outpatient medical treatment and rest at home.

Only those with acute symptoms would be hospitalised, while a policy of “social distancing” that would include school and workplace closures may also be instituted.

Messonnier stressed that the two strategies were not mutually exclusive. While the possibility of widespread transmission of the coronavirus in the US would trigger a “change in our response strategy”, Messonnier said, mitigation and containment measures could be employed at the same time.

“There are times when those components merge together across the United States, potentially at different locations in the United States,” she said.

For now, she said, the CDC remained focused on keeping the number of confirmed coronavirus cases in the US – currently at 15 – as low as possible.

Messonnier said that mitigation would entail a reduction in the current practice in the US and elsewhere of tracing and isolating every person who comes into contact with infected people.

Instead, efforts to disrupt the virus would happen at the community level through “social distancing” measures that would include telecommuting, teleschooling and telemedicine.
Messonnier said that given the lack of other countermeasures – there is no antiviral or vaccine available for the virus yet – these “nonpharmaceutical” interventions were the methods available to authorities.

Such measures would “decrease the burden, the morbidity, mortality [and] do everything to help at the societal level,” she said.

To be sure, the US has shown no signs of a major coronavirus outbreak, but public health officials have repeatedly said they need to be prepared for community transmission in the US.
Moreover, several experts have advocated for governments to prepare to pivot to a mitigation strategy, including Tom Inglesby, the director of the Centre for Health Security of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Hitoshi Oshitani, a professor of virology at Tohoku University in Japan.

In a commentary for Singapore’s state news agency CNA, Oshitani argued that there was an urgent need for countries to make the transition so that health care systems are not overwhelmed when there is a sudden surge in “transmission chains” – which may occur given the virus’s high transmissibility.

Officials in Singapore, among the areas worst hit by the virus outside China, have said a shift to mitigation was among the approaches they were considering but have approached that stance cautiously.

“We have to calibrate and judge as we go on each step, what is the most prudent thing to do. Err on the side of caution, but make a sensible judgment. And that’s what we're trying,” Singapore’s Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong said on Friday.

Globally there have been almost 1,400 deaths – all but three in China, where the virus is believed to have originated in Wuhan, Hubei province, and where nearly 64,000 people have fallen ill.

The US has enacted a temporary travel ban on foreign nationals who have recently visited China, and quarantine measures for its own citizens returning from Hubei province.

Click to expand...

Glad to see they are expanding the testing now to anyone, not just someone who returned from China.

HD

From AlertsUSA...

San Diego Co. CA has declared a health emergency and local emergency in resp to the COVID-2019 outbreak. Two cases are being treated at UC San Diego Health.

Delete

Well, that is a novel view of smiley.

Dennis Olson said:

From a member PM:


The Federal DMAT (Disaster Medical Assistance Team) is being deployed to Miramar Air Station in San Diego to facilitate the treatment and care of COVID-19 patients. These portable hospitals will treat on scene instead of transferring the patients to area hospitals. Make of that what you will, but it appears that there may be more cases requiring a higher level of care than just routine 'monitoring'.

Click to expand...

auxman said:

From AlertsUSA...

San Diego Co. CA has declared a health emergency and local emergency in resp to the COVID-2019 outbreak. Two cases are being treated at UC San Diego Health.

Click to expand...

This appears to be in line with the DMAT team setting up at Miramar.

Older study on ACE 2 proteins done during SARS epidemic indicates the receptors are also in the small intestine. Could be why the people at the 40,000 family banquet, members of the 19 person family in Hong Kong eating hot pot, the 2 travelers eating buffet in Macau (and perhaps the cruise ship) got the virus. It hits endothelial cells, such as those that line blood vessels, which is how blood pressure loss and oxygen distribution can be effected.

(This study was mentioned in Chris Martenson's video)
Error - Cookies Turned Off
The Journal of Pathology
Volume 203, Issue 2
Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis

Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an acute infectious disease that spreads mainly via the respiratory route. A distinct coronavirus (SARS‐CoV) has been identified as the aetiological agent of SARS. Recently, a metallopeptidase named angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been identified as the functional receptor for SARS‐CoV. Although ACE2 mRNA is known to be present in virtually all organs, its protein expression is largely unknown. Since identifying the possible route of infection has major implications for understanding the pathogenesis and future treatment strategies for SARS, the present study investigated the localization of ACE2 protein in various human organs (oral and nasal mucosa, nasopharynx, lung, stomach, small intestine, colon, skin, lymph nodes, thymus, bone marrow, spleen, liver, kidney, and brain). The most remarkable finding was the surface expression of ACE2 protein on lung alveolar epithelial cells and enterocytes of the small intestine. Furthermore, ACE2 was present in arterial and venous endothelial cells and arterial smooth muscle cells in all organs studied. In conclusion, ACE2 is abundantly present in humans in the epithelia of the lung and small intestine, which might provide possible routes of entry for the SARS‐CoV. This epithelial expression, together with the presence of ACE2 in vascular endothelium, also provides a first step in understanding the pathogenesis of the main SARS disease manifestations. Copyright © 2004 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Introduction
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an acute infectious disease that spreads mainly via the respiratory route. Recently, a distinct coronavirus (SARS‐CoV) has been identified as the aetiological agent of SARS 1-4. The spike proteins of this RNA virus associate with cellular receptors of sensitive cells to mediate infection of their target cells, after which viral replication begins in the cytoplasm. The main targets of SARS‐CoV are the lungs, immune organs, and systemic small vessels, resulting in systemic vasculitis, decreased immune function, and respiratory distress caused by extensive pulmonary consolidation and diffuse alveolar damage with hyaline membrane formation 5: the latter causes death in 10% of infected individuals 6.

Recently, Li et al identified a metallopeptidase named angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), isolated from SARS‐CoV–permissive Vero‐E6 cells, which binds effectively to the S1 domain of the SARS‐CoV protein. ACE2‐transfected 293T cells formed multinucleated syncytia with cells expressing S proteins. The virus was shown to replicate effectively in ACE2‐transfected, but not in mock‐transfected, 293T cells. ACE2 antibodies, but not ACE1 antibodies, blocked viral replication in Vero‐E6 cells 7. These data indicated convincingly that ACE2 is a functional receptor for SARS‐CoV.

Although real‐time PCR revealed that ACE2 mRNA expression is present in 72 human tissues 8, ACE2 protein expression has thus far been identified only in heart, kidney, and testis 9-12. Since identifying the possible route of infection has major implications for understanding the pathogenesis and future treatment options for SARS, we investigated the immunolocalization of ACE2 protein in various human organs.

Materials and methods
Human tissue specimens
All procedures and use of (anonymized) tissue were performed according to recent national ethical guidelines. Human tissues from 15 different organs were obtained from patients undergoing biopsy procedures for diagnostic purposes or surgery for various reasons, predominantly for the treatment of cancer. Additional tissue was obtained from unused donor organs; these organs were unused for technical reasons (often in cases of unilateral transplantation with lack of an adequate acceptor for the other lung). Extensive specification of the diagnosis is given for the lung and small intestine only (see below). Brain tissue was obtained from autopsies. Tissues were chosen to represent organ systems where the SARS virus has been detected in humans 13 and in experimentally infected macaques 3. Routine morphology was evaluated in haematoxylin and eosin‐stained sections by a qualified pathologist. Tissues were only used if characterized as non‐diseased. Tissues were investigated from 93 different subjects: lung (cancer n = 4, unused donor lung n = 5, alpha 1 anti‐trypsin deficiency n = 1); skin (n = 6); oral mucosa (n = 4); nasal mucosa (n = 5); nasopharynx (n = 6), gastric cardia and corpus (n = 9); different parts of the small intestine: duodenum (cancer n = 2, ulcer n = 2), jejunum (chronic inflammation n = 1, atresia n = 1, cancer n = 1, resection of ileostoma n = 1), and ileum (resection of ileostoma n = 1, chronic inflammation n = 1, metastatic cancer n = 3, primary cancer n = 1, Hirschprung's disease n = 1, angiodysplasia n = 1); colon (n = 5); spleen (n = 4); thymus (n = 4); lymph nodes (n = 6); bone marrow (n = 5); liver (n = 6); kidney (n = 4); and brain (n = 3).

The lung type II alveolar epithelial cell line A549 and fibrotic lung tissue from patients (n = 4) with usual interstitial pneumonia were used to confirm the findings on type II pneumocytes.

Immunohistochemistry and ACE2 localization
Tissues were dewaxed, rehydrated, and subjected to heat‐induced antigen retrieval by overnight incubation in 0.1 M Tris–HCl buffer (pH 9) at 80 °C. Endogenous peroxidase was blocked with 0.075% H2O2 in phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4) for 30 min. Cytospin preparations from A549 cells were fixed in PBS‐buffered paraformaldehyde (2%) at 4 °C for 10 min. Subsequently, they were dried and stained for ACE2. A polyclonal rabbit anti‐ACE2 antiserum (Millenium Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA) 10 diluted in PBS and supplemented with 1% bovine serum albumin was used at a concentration of 1 : 1000 for 1 h at room temperature. Antibody binding was detected using sequential incubations with peroxidase‐labelled goat anti‐rabbit and peroxidase‐labelled rabbit anti‐goat antibodies (GARPO/RAGPO; Dako, Glostrup, Denmark). Human AB serum (1%) was added to the secondary antibodies. Peroxidase activity was developed by using 3,3′‐diaminobenzidine tetrachloride (DAB) for 10 min. Counterstaining was performed using Mayer's haematoxylin. Three types of control tests were performed to determine the specificity of the antibody. First, control sections were incubated with anti‐ACE2 antibody solutions which had been pre‐incubated with the synthetic peptide to which the antibody was raised (peptide sequence: NTNITEENVQNMNNAGDKW aa 51–69; Pepscan Systems BV, Lelystad, The Netherlands); second, sections were incubated with unrelated rabbit polyclonal antibodies (anti‐alpha 1 inhibitor 3 or anti‐nitrotyrosine); and third, sections were incubated with PBS without the primary antibodies. These control sections did not reveal any staining (Figures 1F and 2F). A qualified pathologist analysed the staining for structures positive for ACE2.


Figure 1
Open in figure viewerPowerPoint
Normal lung tissue: overview (A) and larger magnification (B). Positive staining for ACE2 is clearly present on alveolar epithelial cells (arrow) and capillary endothelium (arrow‐head). Fibrotic lung tissue (C) and larger magnification (D). Positive staining for ACE2 is clearly present on type II cells (arrow). Cultured lung type II alveolar epithelial cells (A549) are strongly positive for ACE2 (E). Control section stained with anti‐ACE2 in the presence of the synthetic ACE2 peptide shows no staining of lung tissue (F)

Figure 2
Open in figure viewerPowerPoint
Overview of oral mucosa (A). Strong staining is observed in vascular endothelium (arrow) and vascular smooth muscle cells (arrow‐head). Granular ACE2 staining is present in the basal layer of the epithelium. In the small intestine (ileum) (B), strong staining can be seen in the villous brush border (arrow), the muscularis mucosae (arrow‐head), and the muscularis propria (star). In a larger magnification of the submucosa (C), strong staining is present in vascular endothelium (arrow) and vascular smooth muscle cells (arrow‐head). In a larger magnification of the villi (D), abundant staining is seen on the brush border of the enterocytes (arrow). In the colon (E), ACE2 staining is present in endothelium and vascular smooth muscle cells from the blood vessels (arrow‐head) and in the muscular layers. Control section stained with anti‐ACE2 in the presence of the synthetic ACE2 peptide shows no staining in the small intestine (ileum) (F)

GO to webpage to read. Article is too long for software.

Zerohedge now has the Chonese Communist barbarians admitting, here you go Summertime, , SOME 500,OOO CHINESE HAVE COME INTO CLOSE CONTACT WITH INFECTED PEOPLE. Kaboom. Looks like my 14th date is spot on Cruz those 500,000 mean many more than the 500 000 and they are all now infected. By the way, I just got back from the Target in downtown Portland and the SHEEPLE are definitely in mooooootion, and moooooooving. If you haven't got what you need by Monday at the latest it won't be there. The SHEEPLE have figured it out and will strip, locust like, the stores this weekend.

Is there anything illicit or illegal about buying a used o2 concentrator without a prescription?

Squid said:

Me being profound. Only understood by the most astute minds. Kind of like art

Click to expand...

I was thinking shorthand.

ALERT!!! ALERT!!! And so.it begins on Africa. Aljazera.com is reporting EGYPT is reporting the first case. Somebody who knows how to post off this $%_&&&cell phone can link the article.

rafter said:

I have a question about the rash. I found pictures of what it looks like, which resembles measles....does it itch or is there discomfort with it or does it just look ugly?

Click to expand...

What I’ve read, and from what my dad went through , it is pretty itchy, but vitamin c helps it go by faster, and I’ve read Epsom salt baths helps a lot.

Just a thought, but it may help if you go through a regular detox before taking lomatium root. Just my thought. Start off low.

rafter said:

I have a question about the rash. I found pictures of what it looks like, which resembles measles....does it itch or is there discomfort with it or does it just look ugly?

Click to expand...

All of the above. Ugly, itchy and kinda uncomfortable like under your shirt collar and around your waist band.

I am on my laptop now so I can post the aljazera story about the confirmed case in Egypt. Again this is huge because it means Africa is now in play.



Egypt confirms coronavirus case, the first in Africa
The country's health ministry says the affected person is a 'foreigner' who is hospitalised and in isolation.
6 hours ago

Egypt has confirmed its first case of a deadly coronavirus that emerged in central China at the end of last year and has since spread to more than two dozen countries around the world.
Health Ministry spokesman Khaled Mugahed said in a statement on Friday that the affected person was a "foreigner" who did not show any serious symptoms.

This is another study mentioned by Chris Martenson This video is a MUST SEE for anyone with heart disease/hypertension, lung problems, diabetes and/or obesity

View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MwJ5thwr4C8
at 19:19 min mark that talks about effects on the heart. He gives the URL of the study, but I can't find it there.


"PCR analysis reveals that ACE-2 is expressed in the heart, as well as the lung, kidney and gastrointestinal tract...."

Chris Martenson cautions this is second hand and should be taken with grain of salt. (My comment: Could be why people are apparently collapsing on sidewalks)
Exclusive: Chinese doctors say Wuhan coronavirus reinfection even deadlier

Instead of creating immunity the virus can reportedly reinfect an individual and hasten fatal heart attack
40751

By Jules Quartly, Taiwan News, Contributing Writer
2020/02/14 15:02

Coronavirus (Wikimedia Commons photo)

TAIPEI (Taiwan News) — It’s possible to get infected by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) a second time, according to doctors on the frontline in China’s city of Wuhan, leading to death from heart failure in some cases.

The claim is made by doctors working in the Hubei Province capital that is at the center of the epidemic, which has to date infected 64,201 people and killed 1,487. One of the doctors reached out to a relative living in the United Kingdom, who then informed Taiwan News.

Both the relative and doctors asked to remain anonymous, out of consideration they might face retribution from the Chinese authorities. The doctor, Li Wenliang (李文亮), who first raised warnings about the Wuhan virus, was rebuked by the authorities before succumbing to the devastating disease himself earlier this month.

According to the message forwarded to Taiwan News, “It’s highly possible to get infected a second time. A few people recovered from the first time by their own immune system, but the meds they use are damaging their heart tissue, and when they get it the second time, the antibody doesn’t help but makes it worse, and they die a sudden death from heart failure.”

The source also said the virus has “outsmarted all of us,” as it can hide symptoms for up to 24 days. This assertion has been made independently elsewhere, with Chinese pulmonologist Zhong Nanshan (鍾南山) saying the average incubation period is three days, but it can take as little as one day and up to 24 days to develop symptoms.

Also, the source said that false negative tests for the virus are fairly common. “It can fool the test kit – there were cases that they found, the CT scan shows both lungs are fully infected but the test came back negative four times. The fifth test came back positive.”

According to the BBC and other media outlets, some laboratory tests are incorrectly telling people they are virus-free. There is also anecdotal evidence of people having up to six negative results before being diagnosed correctly.

Dr. Li Wenliang first raised concerns about this. His own test results had come back negative multiple times before he was finally diagnosed.

False negative tests raise question marks over how many people have the Wuhan coronavirus, with many believing the Chinese authorities have massively underreported the number of cases and deaths. Meanwhile, the official methodology for diagnosing the virus in China was changed this week, leading to a sudden leap in the number of recorded cases and deaths.

View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IkdPFCStA38
11 min

Dr John Campbell How to protect yourself and Family from outside infections

Did a Costco trip this afternoon in Vancouver Wa... no empty spaces I could see, lots of rice and other dry goods. Peoples carts didn’t look any different than most days. Topped off a couple things and wife and I are good to go.

Tristan said:

Is there anything illicit or illegal about buying a used o2 concentrator without a prescription?

Click to expand...

it is illegal to sell without a prescription.

From the Daily Mail:

Hand dryers won't kill the coronavirus and nor will UV lamps: World Health Organization debunk 13 of the biggest myths surrounding the outbreak

• The WHO also said dousing the body with alcohol spray or sesame oil won't work
• Myths include that drugs and vaccines exist to treat the virus - they don't
• Authorities have tried clamping down on rumours which spread fast online
• It comes after a British expert warned misinformation fuels more cases
• Today the death toll hit 1,363. More than 64,000 cases have been diagnosed

J Ethnopharmacol. 1995 Dec 1;49(2):101-10.
Antiviral screening of British Columbian medicinal plants.
McCutcheon AR1, Roberts TE, Gibbons E, Ellis SM, Babiuk LA, Hancock RE, Towers GH.
Author information

Abstract
One hundred methanolic plant extracts were screened for antiviral activity against seven viruses. Twelve extracts were found to have antiviral activity at the non-cytotoxic concentrations tested. The extracts of Rosa nutkana and Amelanchier alnifolia, both members of the Rosaceae, were very active against an enteric coronavirus. A root extract of another member of the Rosaceae, Potentilla arguta, completely inhibited respiratory syncytial virus. A Sambucus racemosa branch tip extract was also very active against respiratory syncytial virus while the inner bark extract of Oplopanax horridus partially inhibited this virus. An extract of Ipomopsis aggregata demonstrated very good activity against parainfluenza virus type 3. A Lomatium dissectum root extract completely inhibited the cytopathic effects of rotavirus. In addition to these, extracts prepared from the following plants exhibited antiviral activity against herpesvirus type 1: Cardamine angulata, Conocephalum conicum, Lysichiton americanum, Polypodium glycyrrhiza and Verbascum thapsus.
PMID: 8847882 DOI: 10.1016/0378-8741(95)90037-3


===

Worth looking into?

===

.

library lady said:

From the Daily Mail:

Hand dryers won't kill the coronavirus and nor will UV lamps: World Health Organization debunk 13 of the biggest myths surrounding the outbreak

• The WHO also said dousing the body with alcohol spray or sesame oil won't work
• Myths include that drugs and vaccines exist to treat the virus - they don't
• Authorities have tried clamping down on rumours which spread fast online
• It comes after a British expert warned misinformation fuels more cases
• Today the death toll hit 1,363. More than 64,000 cases have been diagnosed

Hand dryers won't kill the coronavirus and nor will UV lamps, WHO says

The WHO also said dousing the body with alcohol spray or sesame oil won't work against COVID-19. Today the death toll hit 1,363. More than 64,000 cases have been diagnosed.

www.dailymail.co.uk

Click to expand...

Alcohol spray won’t work, eh? Wonder why? So does that mean alcohol-based hand sanitizer isn’t effective either???

Tom McDowell said:

J Ethnopharmacol. 1995 Dec 1;49(2):101-10.
Antiviral screening of British Columbian medicinal plants.
McCutcheon AR1, Roberts TE, Gibbons E, Ellis SM, Babiuk LA, Hancock RE, Towers GH.
Author information

Abstract
One hundred methanolic plant extracts were screened for antiviral activity against seven viruses. Twelve extracts were found to have antiviral activity at the non-cytotoxic concentrations tested. The extracts of Rosa nutkana and Amelanchier alnifolia, both members of the Rosaceae, were very active against an enteric coronavirus. A root extract of another member of the Rosaceae, Potentilla arguta, completely inhibited respiratory syncytial virus. A Sambucus racemosa branch tip extract was also very active against respiratory syncytial virus while the inner bark extract of Oplopanax horridus partially inhibited this virus. An extract of Ipomopsis aggregata demonstrated very good activity against parainfluenza virus type 3. A Lomatium dissectum root extract completely inhibited the cytopathic effects of rotavirus. In addition to these, extracts prepared from the following plants exhibited antiviral activity against herpesvirus type 1: Cardamine angulata, Conocephalum conicum, Lysichiton americanum, Polypodium glycyrrhiza and Verbascum thapsus.
PMID: 8847882 DOI: 10.1016/0378-8741(95)90037-3


===

Worth looking into?

===

.

Click to expand...

Super interesting! I had no idea that cinquefoil had any medicinal properties. I wonder what part of the plant? And if it makes sense to think about homemade tinctures. Also great to hear about the elderberry.

Jubilee on Earth said:

Alcohol spray won’t work, eh? Wonder why? So does that mean alcohol-based hand sanitizer isn’t effective either???

Click to expand...

I dont think anyone actually knows what the hell they are doing with this, one guy says no, a different guy says yes. just do what you think is best, take the steps that make you feel better, and dont listen to every fact that is spread around

Jubilee on Earth said:

Alcohol spray won’t work, eh? Wonder why? So does that mean alcohol-based hand sanitizer isn’t effective either???

Click to expand...

Probably the alcohol content. needs to be 70% or greater from what I have read. Hand gel works, vodka doesnt.

Jubilee on Earth said:

Alcohol spray won’t work, eh? Wonder why? So does that mean alcohol-based hand sanitizer isn’t effective either???

Click to expand...

I think the article said that alcohol on skin will not help if already infected. If already infected, perhaps try a different type of alcohol internally.

all the hand sanatizer I can find are 65%, can I pour some out, then add 91% alcohol to it, to increase it?

The biggest problem they have in the fight to control the Pandemic is . . . math.
64000 infected out of 1.5 billion
1500 deaths out of 1.5 billion

library lady said:

From the Daily Mail:

Hand dryers won't kill the coronavirus and nor will UV lamps: World Health Organization debunk 13 of the biggest myths surrounding the outbreak

Click to expand...

Stupid, misleading article.
Just one example; Title claims that UV lamps won't kill CoronaVirus.
(Strong enough dose of UVC most certainly will.)
In article, though, it's talking about how you should not use UV on your hands cause it's harmful, duh!

Panic Early, Beat the Rush!
- Shane

20Gauge said:

Any specific suggestions?

Click to expand...

Start reviewing anything you buy normally. If it is from China, see how much you have versus what you may need. Then buy the difference.

I would start at food and medicines first..... they are going to go first...
[/QUOTE]
After food, I would be tempted to go for night vision, but probably putting up a significant greenhouse ranks top priority right now.

library lady said:

From the Daily Mail:

Hand dryers won't kill the coronavirus and nor will UV lamps: World Health Organization debunk 13 of the biggest myths surrounding the outbreak

• The WHO also said dousing the body with alcohol spray or sesame oil won't work
• Myths include that drugs and vaccines exist to treat the virus - they don't
• Authorities have tried clamping down on rumours which spread fast online
• It comes after a British expert warned misinformation fuels more cases
• Today the death toll hit 1,363. More than 64,000 cases have been diagnosed

https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-8004761/Hand-dryers-wont-kill-coronavirus-World-Health-Organization-debunk-10-biggest-myths.html

Click to expand...

Here is the article in its entirety. It's best when possible to post the entire article because the headline can sometimes be misleading or click bait. Or because the headline doesn't contain all the details which the article may explain.

(fair use applies)

Hand dryers won't kill the coronavirus and nor will UV lamps: World Health Organization debunk 13 of the biggest myths surrounding the outbreak
By Vanessa Chalmers Health Reporter For Mailonline
Published: 12:15 EST, 14 February 2020 | Updated: 14:58 EST, 14 February 2020

• The WHO also said dousing the body with alcohol spray or sesame oil won't work
• Myths include that drugs and vaccines exist to treat the virus - they don't
• Authorities have tried clamping down on rumours which spread fast online
• It comes after a British expert warned misinformation fuels more cases
• Today the death toll hit 1,363. More than 64,000 cases have been diagnosed

Hand dryers and UV lamps won't kill the coronavirus, the World Health Organization has said.

Debunking 10 of the biggest myths surrounding the outbreak, the board of top health officials also said eating garlic will not protect you.

While some bogus 'cures' aren't harmful, others are potentially dangerous, like drinking bleach or dousing the body with alcohol spray.

Rumours spread fast on social media, and authorities have tried clamping down on perpetrators.

It comes after a British expert warned that the spread of misinformation and conspiracy theories could fuel more cases.

Professor Paul Hunter, of the University of East Anglia's (UEA) Norwich Medical School, said fake news leads to bad advice and people taking 'greater risks' during health crises.

Today the death toll hit 1,363. More than 64,000 cases have been diagnosed around the world.

The WHO revealed the following myths:

1. Hand dryers will not kill the coronavirus

Hand dryers alone cannot kill coronavirus bacteria.

Rumours have claimed using the hot air from the dryer for 30 seconds will rid any trace of the virus on your hands, China Daily report.

Above all, people should focus on keeping their hands clean.

'To protect yourself against the new coronavirus, you should frequently clean your hands with an alcohol-based hand rub or wash them with soap and water,' the WHO said.

'Once your hands are cleaned, you should dry them thoroughly by using paper towels or a warm air dryer.'

2. Ultraviolet lamps cannot sterilise the skin

Ultraviolet lamps, which pump UV rays into the skin, will not sterilise the skin.

They could, however, cause skin irritation, the WHO warned.

Long term, UV radiation which also comes from the sun can damage the DNA in cells, which in turn may lead to cancer. It's for this reason that tanning beds are advised against.

Hospitals and laboratories often use ultraviolet UV light to kill microbes, but never use it around humans.

3. Eating garlic is not protective

Garlic is a healthy food that may have some antimicrobial properties, the WHO said.

However, there is no evidence from the current outbreak that eating garlic has protected people from the new coronavirus.

An online post went viral after claiming a bowl of boiled garlic water can cure the 2019 novel coronavirus.

Facebook has since blocked the post because 'the primary claims in the information are factually inaccurate.'

4. Sesame oil doesn't block coronavirus from entering the body

Sesame oil is a staple in Asian cooking. But that's about all it's good for.

Contrary to rife rumours, rubbing sesame oil onto the skin won't block coronavirus from entering the body.

The WHO said, 'No. Sesame oil does not kill the new coronavirus.'

This is because transmission is believed to occur when an infected person sneezes, and droplets land in a person's mouth or nose, or they inhale it from the air.

Close contact with someone infected also raises the risk. According to the Centre of Disease Control and Prevention, spread from person-to-person can happen from six feet apart.

5. Spraying alcohol or chlorine over your body will not get rid of the virus

Once COVID-19 is in your system, spraying substances like alcohol and chlorine on the skin will not be of any use.

It’s currently unclear if a person can get COVID-19 by touching a surface or object that has the virus on it and then touching their own mouth, nose, or eyes.

But generally, there are some powerful chemical disinfectants that can kill coronaviruses on surfaces, according to the WHO. These include bleach and chlorine-based disinfectants.

They should not to be used on the skin, as this can be dangerous. It is also not recommended to sniff it.

They could be harmful to mucous membranes - the tissue lining the mouth, eyes and organs.

The WHO said: 'Be aware that both alcohol and chlorine can be useful to disinfect surfaces, but they need to be used under appropriate recommendations.'

6. Thermal scanners won't always detect infected people

Thermal scanners are being used worldwide at airports and railway stations. They can detect people with a fever - a temperature higher than normal.

'However, they cannot detect people who are infected but are not yet sick with fever,' the WHO said.

It takes two to ten days before people who are infected become sick and develop a fever. In some people, it's taken 14 days.

Travellers may not be picked up by screening methods. It means they can unknowingly go on to transfer COVID-19 to other people without showing symptoms.

7. Letters or packages from China do not carry coronavirus

It is safe to receive packages from China, the WHO said. Analysis shows coronaviruses do not survive very long on objects - especially flying between countries.

As the world faced the early days of the outbreak, people questioned exactly how COVID-19 spreads and if it can arrive by mail.

There is nothing to suggest this is the case. [MY COMMENT: wait on this one, they may have to update it]

8. Pets can't get ill with coronavirus

COVID-19 is understood to have transferred to humans from an animal at a food market in Wuhan.

However, at present, there is no evidence that pets can be infected by coronavirus.

Chinese nationals have made make-shift face marks for their cats who fear their felines could catch the deadly virus.

And local media report cats and dogs have been thrown from apartment windows to their death in response to bogus claims that the animals carry COVID-19, according to The Sun.

Such measures are unnecessary, the WHO said.

The agency added: 'It is always a good idea to wash your hands with soap and water after contact with pets. This protects you against various common bacteria such as E.coli and Salmonella that can pass between pets and humans.'

9. Vaccines against pneumonia won't protect against COVID-19

Vaccines for COVID-19 are still in the making and are unlikely to be finished in time to curb the current outbreak.

Researchers across the world are racing to develop a drug with the WHO support.

The National Institutes of Health in the US, and Baylor University in Waco, Texas, say they are working on a vaccine based on what they know about coronaviruses in general, using information from the SARS outbreak.

But this may take a year or more to develop, according to Pharmaceutical Technology.

Infection specialist Professor Robin Shattock, of Imperial College London, revealed his team plan to begin trials of their experimental jab on animals soon.

Jabs for pneumonia - which can be caused by COVID-19 - will not work. These include pneumococcal vaccine and Haemophilus influenza type B (Hib) vaccine.

10. Saline nose spray won't protect you

There is no evidence that regularly rinsing the nose with saline has protected people from infection with the new coronavirus, the WHO said.

Some evidence suggests the old wives tale can help people recover more quickly from the common cold because cells in the body use the chloride in salt to produce hypochlorous acid (HOCI) which is the active ingredient found in bleach.

But there is nothing supporting the method against other respiratory infections, including the new COVID-19.

11. Gargling mouthwash offers no protection

Mouthwash cannot protect you from infection with the new coronavirus.

Some brands or mouthwash can eliminate certain microbes for a few minutes in the saliva in your mouth.

'However, this does not mean they protect you from 2019-nCoV infection,' WHO said.

12. Young people can also get COVID-19

Young people are also at risk of COVID-19, despite patterns showing the elderly are struck more often.

The youngest to be diagnosed is a Chinese baby born on February 2, testing positive just 30 hours after birth, Wuhan state media said.

Older people, and people with pre-existing medical conditions such as asthma, diabetes, heart disease, appear to be more vulnerable to becoming severely ill with the virus.

WHO advises people of all ages to take steps to protect themselves from the virus, for example by following good hand hygiene and good respiratory hygiene.

The family of an eight-month-old baby from Worthing, West Sussex, will find out today if the toddler has coronavirus.

James Adlam has 'all the symptoms' associated with the virus, according to his mother Stephanie Adlam, after being treated for a leg injury by a doctor who was later confirmed to have the virus.

13. Antibiotics will not treat COVID-19

COVID-19 is a virus and, therefore, antibiotics should not be used as a means of prevention or treatment. Antibiotics only work against bacterial infections.

'If you are hospitalized for the 2019-nCoV, you may receive antibiotics because bacterial co-infection is possible,' the WHO said.

To date, there is no specific medicine recommended to prevent or treat the new coronavirus.

This isn't uncommon; other coronaviruses such as the common cold also have no 'cure' and sufferers must wait for it to go on its own.

Treatment is given to relieve and treat symptoms, and those with severe illness should be receiving the best care available, the WHO urged.

Some specific treatments are under investigation, and will be tested through clinical trials.


NO EVIDENCE DETTOL CAN KILL COVID-19

Scientists have warned there is no evidence Dettol can kill the deadly Wuhan coronavirus rapidly sweeping the world after bogus rumours about the disinfectant spray have been spread online.

Eagle-eyed social media spotted a label on the back of a bottle which shows the product claiming to have been proven to 'kill coronavirus'. It has been shared by thousands on social media.

Suggestions were made to 'stock up' on Dettol to prevent contamination. Some even fuelled conspiracies that Dettol is 'the cure' for the virus – but it has been covered up.

Although Dettol says its products rid some coronavirus strains, such as that which causes the common cold, they have not tested it against the lethal Wuhan strain yet.

This is because it was only discovered in late 2019.

The highly contagious virus which can cause pneumonia is spread with a cough or sneeze. Coronavirus may be able to spread on surfaces, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), such as tables or hand rails on public transport.